Revision Notes on Carbon and its Compounds Two or more elements combine to form compound. There are two types of compounds- Organic Compound and Inorganic Compounds . Organic compounds are the one which are made up of carbon and hydrogen. Covalent Bond The bond formed by sharing a pair of electrons between two atoms are known as Covalent Bond . Carbon forms covalent bond. Carbon exists in two forms- as free state and as combined state. Free form of carbon is found in graphite, diamond and fullerene. In combined state, carbon exists as Carbon-dioxide, Glucose, Sugar etc. Allotropes of Carbon Different forms of an element that has same chemical properties but different physical properties are known as Allotropes . There are three allotropes of carbon- diamond, graphite and fullerene. Diamond Diamond exits as three-dimensional network with strong carbon-carbon covalent bonds. Diamond is hard in nature with high melting point. It shines in presence of light and it is
Revision Notes on How do Organisms Reproduce Ability to produce new organism is known as reproduction. There are two types of reproduction-asexual reproduction and sexual reproduction. Different types of Reproduction There are mainly two types of reproduction- asexual reproduction and sexual reproduction. Asexual Reproduction It is a mode of reproduction involving single parent. There are different modes of asexual reproduction- Fission is defined as the splitting of the organisms into two equal halves and each half give rise to a new organism. For example, Amoeba , bacteria. The most common type of fission in binary fission. It is a division of the organism such as bacteria into two or more parts. Binary fission can be irregular (division can take place in any plane), longitudinal (division occurs longitudinally), transverse (division occurs transversely) and can also be oblique (division occurs obliquely). Fig.1. Binary fission in Amoeba Fragmentation is ano
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